Electron tube



Feb. 18, 1941. F HERRlGER 2,232,066

ELECTRON TUBE Filed Feb.' 1, 1939 Patented Feb. 18, 1941 NPpm-:NT OFFICE ELECTRON TUBE Felix Hei-tiger, Berlin, Germany, assignor to C. Lorenz Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin-Tempelhof,

Germany, a. company Application February 1, 1939, Serial No. 253,979 In Germany February 1, 1938 6 Claims.

In my copending patent application Ser. No. 229,245, filed September 10, 1938, for Electron tubes, a device of this kind is disclosed which is especially designed for very high frequencies. The construction there shown by way of example has two push-pull connected electrode systems and two neutralizing systems mounted in one discharge vessel. These neutralizing systems are preferably cold electrode systems.

The constructional form described in this prior application has the electrode systems so located that one end of each system is arranged to face one end of the other system.

As a result, the length of these systems is comparatively great in relation to their width, whereby on heating the tube the resultant variations of temperature easily cause the interelectrode capacity to vary in consequence of the electrodes, particularly the anodes, changing their position.

In order to overcome these drawbacks the invention, described hereaftenproposes to arrange the electrode systems beside each other and with their axes parallel to one another.

The invention will be understood from the iollowing description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation showing one embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional plan thereof, Fig. 3 is a sectional kplan illustrating another embodiment, while Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of still another form of construction.

In a vacuum vessel I two electrode systems having grids 2, 3 and cathodes 4, 5 are mounted. These cathodes are formed as flat cathodes and are on one side coated with an emissive layer, whereby one side of the cathodes may serve as operative system, while the other side thereof may be used as neutralizing system. Two anodes 6, l which are common to both electrode systems are formed as hollow bodies of triangular cross-sectional area and are provided with stillening ribs 8 in order to increase the stability of construction. A11 of the electrodes are at one of their ends fxedly mounted in a ceramic cover 9 of the vessel I while on the other side they are held together by a support I common to them.

` By so fixing the electrodes at their ends the advantage is obtained that the interelectrode capacity will not be influenced by shocks. The leading-in conductors H, K, G, reaching through the wall of vessel I, are arranged to be of the least possible length.

By constructing the anodes as hollow bodies they are prevented from warping under the iniiuence of heat strains.

In the case of high power tubes the anodes vare cooled by water in order to lead away the loss heat. An arrangement of this kind is shown in Fig. 3. The anode leads II, I2 are here tubular and are separate from each other. These leads at the same time serve to conduct both the current and cooling agent.

Furthermore, in the case of cooled tubes these 10 may be provided with supply means located on opposite sides thereof.` Such arrangement has the advantage that the electrode capacity may be distributed to affect two oscillatory circuits. As a result, with a givenelectrode-capacity and predetermined inductance of the leads the shortest possible wave length here obtained is smaller than otherwise. To provide each electrode with two leads, this being an arrangement Well known per se, is here of special advantage, as in this way the leads are arranged in pairs each of which comprises two neighboring leads oscillating in phase opposition and symmetrically with respect to earth. The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 is of this type. The anodes I3, I4 are 25 on one side fitted with rigid leads I5, I6 while on the opposite side they have flexible leads I'I, I8, preferably made of tombac pipe. The exible leads are to compensate expansions due to the influence of heat.

What is claimed is:

1. An electron tube comprising a first anode and a second anode positioned side by side in opposed relation and a first and a second cathode electrode positioned side by side between said anodes, each cathode having one electron emissive side only, the emissive side of said first cathode facing said first anode and the emissive side of said second cathode facing said second anode, and a grid electrode for controlling the iiow of 40 electrons from each cathode to its corresponding anode, the capacity between the non-emissive side of each cathode and the neighboring anode surface being large enough to serve as a neutralizing capacity for the said tube.

2. An electron tube according to claim l, having anodes formed as hollow bodies.

3. An electron tube according to claim 1, having anodes formed as hollow bodies and a number of tubular current leads for each such anode, these leads being adapted also to supply a cooling agent to the anodes.

4. An electron tube according to claim 1, having a number of anode leads arranged in diametrlcally opposite groups.

5. An electron tube according to claim 1, having anode leads arranged in diametrically opposite pairs, each such pair comprising a flexible pi-pe that constitutes one of said anode leads.

6. An electron tube having two electrode sys-` tems adapted for push-pull operation comprising a pair of anode electrodes positioned side by side in opposed relation, and two cathode electrodes positioned side by side between said anode electrodes, one side only of each of said cathode electrodes last mentioned being arranged to emit 

